95 Recent research has revealed alarming connections between di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a widely used plasticiser, and an increased risk of various cancers. Commonly found in items such as food packaging, medical devices, and personal care products, DEHP’s pervasive presence in the environment raises significant public health questions. The findings were published in the journal Science of The Total Environment. DEHP is classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical, known for interfering with hormone regulation. This interference has been linked to the development of hormone-related cancers, including breast, prostate, and thyroid cancers. Studies show that DEHP can mimic or disrupt normal hormonal signalling pathways, promoting tumour growth and progression. Human exposure to DEHP occurs primarily through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Plastic food containers, air contaminated by off-gassing materials, and even medical equipment have been identified as key sources. Despite regulatory measures, such as the tolerable daily intake set by the European Food Safety Authority, the widespread use of DEHP makes complete avoidance challenging. Epidemiological studies have added weight to the growing evidence. Analysis of urinary DEHP metabolites revealed a higher prevalence of colorectal cancer among individuals exposed to elevated levels. Meanwhile, female breast cancer rates have shown correlations with real-world DEHP exposure. However, inconsistencies in findings highlight the need for further large-scale studies to clarify causality. Mechanistically, DEHP promotes carcinogenesis by activating several molecular pathways. These include the PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways, both of which are associated with tumour proliferation and survival. Additionally, DEHP has been implicated in promoting drug resistance, a major hurdle in cancer treatment. By enhancing the expression of drug efflux transporters and inhibiting tumour suppressor genes like PTEN, DEHP contributes to chemotherapy failure in cancers such as breast and ovarian. Beyond its direct cancer links, DEHP’s impact on metabolic regulation and oxidative stress further complicates its health profile. Chronic low-dose exposure has been shown to induce changes in DNA methylation and histone modification, contributing to epigenetic instability—a hallmark of cancer progression. Addressing the risks posed by DEHP requires a multifaceted approach. Researchers emphasise the need for stricter regulations to limit its use in consumer products and industrial applications. Additionally, public awareness campaigns could help reduce exposure through informed consumer choices. Advancements in biomarker development and high-throughput screening techniques are also essential to identify and mitigate DEHP-related health risks effectively.