56 Skin cancer remains one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with alarming increases in cases being reported in recent decades. New research indicates that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors play significant roles in the development of skin cancers such as melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). As more is uncovered about these risk factors, the medical community continues to call for enhanced prevention measures, early detection, and tailored treatment options. The findings were published in the journal Cancers. One of the primary risk factors driving the surge in skin cancer cases is ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. Overexposure to sunlight, particularly in the form of intermittent intense exposure – like sunbathing during holidays or engaging in water sports—has been shown to significantly increase the risk of developing melanoma. Notably, this type of exposure has been linked to a 60% elevated risk of melanoma. On the other hand, prolonged exposure, like that of outdoor workers, increases the risk of developing BCC and SCC as well. The findings on sun exposure are not new, but the data reinforces that efforts to reduce UV exposure should remain a top priority. Public health campaigns have long warned against the dangers of excessive sun exposure, yet it appears these messages have not fully curtailed risky behaviour. Particularly concerning are the findings showing that sunburn, even just once during childhood, can more than double the risk of skin cancer later in life. Genetic factors are also a critical component in assessing skin cancer risk. Certain inherited traits, such as fair skin, light-coloured eyes, and a tendency to freckle, have been shown to increase the likelihood of developing skin cancers. For instance, individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types I–III are at significantly higher risk for BCC, with their odds being up to 17 times greater compared to those with darker skin tones. In addition, gene variants such as those affecting the *MC1R* gene, which regulates skin pigmentation, are linked to an increased susceptibility to BCC, even in individuals without red hair. Another critical factor for BCC and SCC development is previous cancer history. Studies have shown that individuals who have already experienced one form of non-melanoma skin cancer are at much higher risk of developing additional skin cancers. In fact, nearly half of those who develop BCC will likely experience another within three years. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring individuals with high-risk profiles closely. Skin checks, both self-examinations and professional dermatological assessments, are essential tools in detecting cancers early. But current screening methods remain under scrutiny for their effectiveness across the general population, and there are calls for more targeted approaches, especially for those deemed to be at high risk. As scientists deepen their understanding of the genetic underpinnings of skin cancer, the development of risk scores is becoming an important part of prevention strategies. By assessing an individual’s unique combination of environmental, behavioural, and genetic factors, healthcare providers can better identify those at higher risk and offer tailored preventative measures, including regular screenings and lifestyle advice. Skin cancer prevention remains one of the most effective strategies for combating this rising public health concern. Simple measures, such as wearing protective clothing, using sunscreen, and avoiding tanning beds, can dramatically reduce one’s risk. However, it is clear that more needs to be done, both in terms of public education and in tailoring health interventions to the individual’s needs. As the incidence of skin cancer continues to rise, the responsibility lies not only with individuals to protect themselves but also with healthcare systems to innovate more precise, personalised prevention and treatment methods.